But we also learned that for every debit there is a corresponding credit, so while we debit cash, we should at the time credit common stock. And, crediting common stock is increasing common stock as common stock is an owner’s equity account. So, in this case, we complete the analysis of the transaction by debiting cash $8,000, crediting common stock $8,000. As you are practicing all these examples, you will also begin to learn more accounts, their names, their type (A, W, E, L, R, C). You will not use OE as much as you are now splitting OE in to Withdrawals/Dividends (W), Expenses (E), Revenues (R), and Capital or Common Stock (C). the usual sequence of steps in the recording process is to The first step in the recording process is to analyze the transaction, determine the accounting entries and record them in the appropriate accounts.

Financial Accounting

Accounts contain records of changes to assets, liabilities, shareholders’ equity, revenues and expenses. The usual sequence of steps in the recording process includes analysis, preparation of journal entries and posting these entries to the general ledger. Subsequent accounting processes include preparing a trial balance and compiling financial statements. Please also notice from the diagram of the extended accounting equation that OE is made up of capital and retained earnings. And, retained earnings is further divided into revenues, expenses, and withdrawal/dividends. So how are all these accounts affected by debits and credits?

Each business will set up its own chart of accounts depending on what accounts are used in that business. A small business may only have a hundred or so accounts and a multi-national hotel company may have thousands of accounts. However, all accounts can be classified into either A, L, C, W, R, or E. All accounts will also have an account number to keep things in order.

The Usual Sequence of Steps in the Recording Process in Accounting

One of the main duties of a bookkeeper is to keep track of the full accounting cycle from start to finish. The cycle repeats itself every fiscal year as long as a company remains in business. For assets, debit means increase, and credit means decrease.

In this one,  you did not receive the cash on the same day. So therefore you use the account called accounts receivable denoting that you will receive the money later. According to the revenue recognition principle in Module 2, you recognize revenue when it is earned, not when it is collected in cash. Kitchen equipment, an asset, increased, therefore debit; cash, an asset, decreased, therefore credit; and notes payable, a liability, increased, therefore credit. Debits and credits of accounts only mean the left sides and the right sides.

1. An entry consists of the transaction date, the debit and credit amounts for the appropriate accounts and a brief memo explaining the transaction.
2. Therefore, the normal balance of assets, withdrawals/dividend, and expenses are DEBITS and the normal balance of liabilities, capital, and revenues are CREDITS.
3. Or, when you are at a store and return something to that store, you get a credit.
4. Analyzing your transactions, determining the accounts affected, whether they should be debited or credited, what the amounts should be, are the difficult parts in accounting.

Journal Entries

To learn more, check out CFI’s free Accounting Fundamentals Course. The accounting cycle incorporates all the accounts, journal entries, T accounts, debits, and credits, adjusting entries over a full cycle. Posting dates and amounts with debit to office supplies, credit to cash. Account numbers are then transferred to the reference column of the journal. To fully understand the accounting cycle, it’s important to have a solid understanding of the basic accounting principles.

Debits and Credits

The third and final step in the recording process is to post the journal entries to the general ledger, which contains summary records of all accounts. Each record has fields for transaction date, comments, debits, credits and outstanding balance. In the earlier sales transaction example, the posting process involves entering a credit amount for the sales account, a debit amount for the cash account and updating the respective balances.